Peb Hlis 7, 2024
Hauv lub neej niaj hnub niaj hnub no, huab cua zoo uas peb ua pa tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Rau peb cov neeg nyob hauv nroog lossis hauv nroog, kev loj hlob hauv nroog thiab kev loj hlob zoo li toj roob hauv pes thiab coj cov pa phem nrog lawv. Hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog, huab cua zoo feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev lag luam ua liaj ua teb thiab mining dej. Raws li cov hluav taws kub hnyiab kub hnyiab tau ntev dua thiab ntau qhov chaw, tag nrho cov cheeb tsam raug ceeb toom rau huab cua tsis zoo.
Cov pa phem tau txuas nrog ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Cov teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm hom thiab qhov xav tau ntawm cov pa phem hauv huab cua, tab sis Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb (WHO) kwv yees tias cov pa phem hauv tsev neeg thiab ib puag ncig ua rau 6.7 lab tus neeg tuag ntxov ntxov txhua xyoo.
Nyob rau hauv no blog ncej, peb mam li delve rau hauv kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm huab cua muaj kuab paug thiab ib co ntawm cov feem ntau culprits.
Cov pa phem ua rau koj noj qab haus huv li cas?
Cov huab cua tsis zoo ua rau tuag ntxov ntxov los ntawm ntau yam kev cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsws thiab cov hlab plawv. Kev cuam tshuam rau huab cua tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav (tam sim ntawd thiab hnyav, tab sis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm luv luv) thiab mob ntev (muaj peev xwm kho tsis tau, kev kho mob mus ntev) kev noj qab haus huv. Nov yog qee qhov kev ua pa phem tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus:
Kev mob o: raug rau cov pa phem, xws li cov teeb meem me me (PM) thiab ozone (O3), tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntawm lub ntsws thiab cov hlab plawv, nrog rau lwm yam kabmob. Qhov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob ua pa hnyav dua xws li mob ntsws obstructive pulmonary (COPD) thiab teeb meem plawv uas ua rau mob plawv thiab mob stroke.
Txo lub ntsws ua haujlwm: Ntev ntev rau qee cov pa phem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom me me (PM2.5), tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws ua haujlwm poob qis rau lub sijhawm, ua rau tib neeg muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob ua pa. PM2.5 tseem tuaj yeem hla cov hlab ntsha-hlwb thiab ua rau lub hlwb puas
Ua kom ntshav siab: Cov pa phem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm cov pa phem hauv tsheb (TRAP) xws li nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone thiab PM, tau txuas rau cov ntshav siab ntxiv, uas yog qhov ua rau muaj kab mob plawv.
Kev tsim cov atherosclerosis: Lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov pa phem tau cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho atherosclerosis (txhim kho thiab nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsha), ua rau cov kab mob plawv xws li mob plawv thiab mob stroke.
Oxidative stress: Kev cuam tshuam rau cov pa phem tuaj yeem ua rau oxidative kev nyuaj siab, ua rau puas hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Qhov kev puas tsuaj oxidative no tau txuas nrog kev txhim kho ntawm ntau yam kev noj qab haus huv, suav nrog mob stroke thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom lub cev muaj kev laus
Mob Cancer: Rau qee tus neeg, kev raug pa phem tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws cancer ntau npaum li kev haus luam yeeb. Cov pa phem kuj tau txuas rau mob qog noj ntshav mis
Qhov nce ntawm kev tuag ntxov ntxov los ntawm huab cua muaj kuab paug feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob ntev los ntawm kev raug huab cua mus ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias lub sijhawm luv luv tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov tub ntxhais hluas noj qab nyob zoo tsim lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem nyob rau hauv cov sij hawm luv luv ntawm huab cua muaj kuab paug.
Cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv cuam tshuam nrog huab cua paug muaj xws li ua pa thiab mob plawv, txo lub ntsws ua haujlwm, nce ntshav siab, ua kom tawv nqaij thiab txo qis ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cell thiab cov nqaij mos puas, mob ntsws cancer thiab mob cancer mis.
Yog li ntawd peb yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau cov huab cua, lub sij hawm no peb cov khoom yuav muab koj cov pa huv si.
REFERENCES
1 Cov pa phem hauv tsev. (2023, Kaum Ob Hlis 15). Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Thoob Ntiaj Teb.Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tshwm sim thawj zaug https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health.
2 Grunig G, Marsh LM, Esmaeil N, et al. Kev pom: ambient huab cua paug: inflammatory teb thiab cuam tshuam rau lub ntsws vasculature. Pulm Circ. Peb Hlis 2014; 4(1): 25-35. doi:10.1086/674902.
3 Li W, Lin G, Xiao Z, et al. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov teeb meem ua pa phem (PM2.5) ua rau lub hlwb puas. Pem Hauv Ntej Mol Neurosci. 2022 Peb 7; 15:967174. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.967174 ib.
4 Pizzino G, Irrera N, Cucinotta M, et al. Oxidative Stress: Kev puas tsuaj thiab txiaj ntsig rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Oxid Med Cell Longev. Xyoo 2017; 2017: 8416763. doi:10.1155/2017/8416763.
5 Pro Pub. (Nov 2, 2021). Cov pa phem puas tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav? Yam Koj Yuav Tsum Paub Txog Cov Kev pheej hmoo. Pro Pub.https://www.propublica.org/article/can-air-pollution-cause-cancer-risks.
6 Cov pa phem feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ntxiv. (2023, Cuaj Hlis 12). National Institutes of Health (NIH).Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tshwm sim thawj zaug https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/high-levels-particulate-air-pollution-associated-increased-breast-cancer-incidence.
7 He F, Yanosky JD, Fernandez-Mendoza J, et al. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Fine Particulate Air pollution on Cardiac Arrhythmias in a Population-based Sample of Adolescents: Penn State Child Cohort. Jour ntawm Amer Heart Assoc. 27 Lub Xya hli ntuj 2017; 11:e026370. doi:10.1161/JAHA.122.026370.
8 Mob qog noj ntshav thiab huab cua. (nd). Union rau International Cancer Control.https://www.uicc.org/what-we-do/thematic-areas/cancer-and-air-pollution.
9 Qhov Kawg Reconsideration ntawm National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Particulate Matter (PM). (2024, Lub Ob Hlis 7). Teb Chaws Asmeskas EPA.https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/final-reconsideration-national-ambient-air-quality-standards-particulate-matter-pm.
Post lub sij hawm: May-10-2024